Injini yakhiweizindlela ezimbili ezinkulu(i-crank train mechanism, isitimela se-valveindlela) kanyeamasistimu amakhulu amahlanu(isistimu yokuphakela uphethiloli, uhlelo lokupholisa, uhlelo lokuthambisa, uhlelo lokuqala kanye nesistimu yokuthungela).

Izinzwazihlanganisa isivinini senjini ye-diesel, indawo ye-accelerator pedal, indawo yokubeka, isikhathi sokujova uphethiloli, isivinini semoto kanye nomfutho womoya wokungenisa, izinga lokushisa lomoya wokungena, izinga lokushisa likaphethiloli, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi okupholisa nezinye izinzwa.

I-ECU ixhumana ne-ECU ngokusekelwe kumingcele yokusebenza kwenjini ye-diesel etholwe ngesikhathi sangempela izinzwa ezihlukahlukene. Iqhathaniswa namanani epharamitha noma amamephu epharamitha (abizwa ngokuthi I-MAP) agcinwe kusengaphambili, futhi imiyalelo ithunyelwa ku-actuator ngokwevelu yayo ephelele noma inani eliqondiwe elibaliwe. I-actuator ilawula umthamo womjovo (indawo yokubeka i-rack noma ubude besikhathi sokuvala i-valve ye-solenoid) kanye nesikhathi somjovo (ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu yokulawula isikhathi noma indawo yokuqala yokuvala i-solenoid) ngokwemiyalelo ye-ECU. Isistimu yomjovo kadizili elawulwa nge-elekthronikhi ingashintshanisa idatha ne-ECU yedivayisi yokudlulisa imoto, i-ECU ye-anti-lock braking system ABS nezinye izinhlelo ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula imoto nge-elekthronikhi.

Isistimu yokupholisakufaka phakathi iphampu yamanzi, irediyetha, ithangi lokunweba, ipayipi lamanzi okupholisa, isipholisa, i-thermostat, inzwa yezinga lokushisa elipholile, ifeni epholile, inzwa yeleveli yoketshezi, ilambu le-alamu yezinga lokushisa elipholile kanye negeji yezinga lokushisa elipholile, njll.

(1)Inzwa yezinga lokushisa elipholileisetshenziselwa ukuqapha izinga lokushisa lamanje lokupholisa ukuze kutholwe ukuthi ukukhishwa kokushisa kwenjini kwamanje kujwayelekile.

(2)Amamonitha enzwa yezinga le-liquidinani lokupholisa ethangini lokunweba futhi litshele umshayeli ukuthi lidinga yini ukwengezwa.

Uhlelo lokungenisa umoyaikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwesihlungi somoya, i-turbocharger, i-intercooler, i-multifold intake, ukuhlanganiswa kwamapayipi okungenisa, inzwa yokugeleza komoya kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-throttle, njll.

(1) Inzwa yokugeleza komoya iguqula ukugeleza komoya ohogeliwe kube isignali kagesi futhi ikuthumele kuyunithi yokulawula kagesi njengenye yezimpawu eziyisisekelo ezinquma isikhathi sokujova uphethiloli.